Too late to be grounded? Action words in foreign and newly acquired languages

Too late to be grounded? Action words in foreign and newly acquired languages

AUTORES Kogan B, Muñoz E, Ibáñez A & García AM
2019
JOURNAL Brain and Cognition
VOLUMEN 138, 105509. 2019 doi
ABSTRACT Though well established for languages acquired in infancy, the role of embodied mechanisms remains poorly understood for languages learned in middle childhood and adulthood. To bridge this gap, we examined 34 experiments that assessed sensorimotor resonance during processing of action-related words in real and artificial languages acquired since age 7 and into adulthood. Evidence from late bilinguals indicates that foreign-language action words modulate neural activity in motor circuits and predictably facilitate or delay physical movements (even in an effector-specific fashion), with outcomes that prove partly sensitive to language proficiency. Also, data from newly learned vocabularies suggest that embodied effects emerge after brief periods of adult language exposure, remain stable through time, and hinge on the performance of bodily movements (and, seemingly, on action observation, too). In sum, our work shows that infant language exposure is not indispensable for the recruitment of embodied mechanisms during language processing, a finding that carries non-trivial theoretical, pedagogical, and clinical implications for neurolinguistics, in general, and bilingualism research, in particular.
En esta revisión mostramos que los circuitos sensoriomotrices del cerebro cumplen un papel determinante en el procesamiento de palabras de acción adquiridas a partir de la niñez media y en la adultez.Múltiples estudios sobre las segundas lenguas de bilingües tardíos y sobreaprendizaje de lenguas artificiales en adultos muestran que dichas palabras implican activaciones de mecanismos cerebrales motores y afectan la realización de movimientos físicos. Se sigue que la exposición temprana al lenguaje no es indispensable para que la información léxica se enraíce en los llamados “circuitoscorporizados”.
SUPPORT OUR MISSION