Mes: junio 2015

Sposato L, Gleichgerrcht E, Manes F.  Letter Regarding Article “Neurocognitive Improvement After Carotid Artery Stenting in Patients With Chronic Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion and Cerebral Ischemia. Stroke 2011

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Letter Regarding Article “Neurocognitive Improvement After Carotid Artery Stenting in Patients With Chronic Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion and Cerebral Ischemia. Autores Sposato L, Gleichgerrcht E, Manes F.  Año 2011 Journal  Sposato L, Gleichgerrcht E, Manes F.  Volumen 43(1): 10-11 Abstract   Otra información    

Gershanik O, Gómez Arévalo G.  Typical and atypical neuroleptics. Handbook of clinical neurology 2011

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Neuroleptics having dopamine receptor-blocking properties are frequently responsible for the development of movement disorders. This has been known for many years as these adverse events were identified soon after the introduction of these drugs for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Parkinsonism, acute dystonic reactions, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesias are the different clinical presentations of these disorders. Tardive dyskinesia is the most problematic among them as it may persist even after discontinuation of the offending drug, and become an irreversible phenomenon. The term «tardive dyskinesia » encompasses a variety of clinical phenomena including stereotypic behaviors, dystonia, myoclonus, and tics. Stereotypies and orobuccolingual dyskinesias are the most frequently observed tardive disorders, particularly in the elderly population exposed to neuroleptics, while dystonic phenomena are more prevalent in younger individuals. The development of these disorders is dependent on the potency of the drug, duration of exposure, and a number of predisposing factors, including age, gender, and presence of organic brain disease. The pathophysiology is rather complex and involves changes in the dopamine synapse both at the pre- and postsynaptic level, as well as plastic changes involving transcription factors and activation of different molecular cascades downstream of the dopamine receptor. The introduction of more novel pharmacological agents, like the so-called atypical neuroleptics, has significantly reduced the incidence of these disorders; however, the prescribing physician has to be aware that a lower risk is not synonymous with absence of risk.

Glatstein M, Sulowski C, Waisburg CG, Gideon Koren, Garcia-Bournissen F. Severe Extrapiramidal Symptoms After Nonintentional Risperidone Exposure in a Child: Case Report and Review of the Literature. American journal of therapeutics 2011

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Increase in use of atypical antipsychotics has been paralleled by an increase in the incidence of intentional and nonintentional overdose. Pediatric cases are uncommon, but may be severe. We describe a case of a child presenting with severe extrapiramidal symptoms, initially interpreted as seizures, caused by a nonintentional intoxication with risperidone, and review management options and the literature.

Ibanez A, Toro P, Cornejo C, Urquina H, Manes F, Weisbrod M, Johannes Schroeder.  High contextual sensitivity of metaphorical expressions and gesture blending: A video ERP design. Psychiatry Research 2011

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Human communication in a natural context implies the dynamic coordination of contextual clues, paralinguistic information and literal as well as figurative language use. In the present study we constructed a paradigm with four types of video clips: literal and metaphorical expressions accompanied by congruent and incongruent gesture actions. Participants were instructed to classify the gesture accompanying the expression as congruent or incongruent by pressing two different keys while electrophysiological activity was being recorded. We compared behavioral measures and event related potential (ERP) differences triggered by the gesture stroke onset. Accuracy data showed that incongruent metaphorical expressions were more difficult to classify. Reaction times were modulated by incongruent gestures, by metaphorical expressions and by a gesture-expression interaction. No behavioral differences were found between the literal and metaphorical expressions when the gesture was congruent. N400-like and LPC-like (late positive complex) components from metaphorical expressions produced greater negativity. The N400-like modulation of metaphorical expressions showed a greater difference between congruent and incongruent categories over the left anterior region, compared with the literal expressions. More importantly, the literal congruent as well as the metaphorical congruent categories did not show any difference. Accuracy, reaction times and ERPs provide convergent support for a greater contextual sensitivity of the metaphorical expressions.

Ibanez A, Gleichgerrcht E, Hurtado E, Gonzalez R, Haye A, Manes F.  Early Neural Markers of Implicit Attitudes: N170 Modulated by Intergroup and Evaluative Contexts in IAT. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 2010

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The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is the most popular measure to evaluate implicit attitudes. Nevertheless, its neural correlates are not yet fully understood. We examined event related potentials (ERPs) in response to face- and word processing while indigenous and non-indigenous participants performed an IAT displaying faces (ingroup and outgroup members) and words (positive and negative valence) as targets of category judgments. The N170 component was modulated by valence of words and by ingroup/outgroup face categorization. Contextual effects (face-words implicitly associated in the task) had an influence on the N170 amplitude modulation. On the one hand, in face categorization, right N170 showed differences according to the association between social categories of faces and affective valence of words. On the other, in word categorization, left N170 presented a similar modulation when the task implied a negative-valence associated with ingroup faces. Only indigenous participants showed a significant IAT effect and N170 differences. Our results demonstrate an early ERP blending of stimuli processing with both intergroup and evaluative contexts, suggesting an integration of contextual information related to intergroup attitudes during the early stages of word and face processing. To our knowledge, this is the first report of early ERPs during an ethnicity IAT, opening a new branch of exchange between social neuroscience and social psychology of attitudes.